The Nigerian Senate has officially passed the Electoral Act (Repeal and Re-enactment) Bill 2026 through its third reading.
However, in a significant legislative twist, the upper chamber ultimately voted to block mandatory electronic results transmission, opting instead to maintain a discretionary framework for the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) ahead of the 2027 general election.
The mandatory electronic transmission of results was contained in a proposed amendment to Clause 60, Subsection 3, of the bill.
The decision to block mandatory electronic results transmission came after a marathon session characterized by intense deliberations on the reliability of Nigeria’s technological infrastructure.
While some lawmakers argued that digitizing the process is the only way to eliminate human interference, the majority of lawmakers expressed concerns over network “blind spots” in rural areas.
By voting to block mandatory electronic results transmission, the Senate has effectively retained the hybrid system where manual collation remains the legal primary standard.
The rejected provision would have required presiding officers of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to electronically transmit results from each polling unit to the IREV portal in real time, after the prescribed Form EC&A had been signed and stamped by the presiding officer and countersigned by candidates.
Instead, the Senate adopted the existing provision of the Electoral Act, which states that “the presiding officer shall transfer the results, including the total number of accredited voters and the results of the ballot, in a manner as prescribed by the Commission.”
Also, the lawmakers of the upper chamber rejected a proposed 10-year jail term for buyers and sellers of Permanent Voter Cards (PVCs) under Clause 22, opting instead to retain a two-year imprisonment term while increasing the fine from ₦2 million to ₦5 million.
The lawmakers also amended Clause 28 on the notice of election, reducing the timeline from 360 days to 180 days.
The original provision required the commission to publish a notice of election in each state of the federation and the Federal Capital Territory not later than 360 days before the election date.
In Clause 29, the Senate reduced the timeline for the submission of lists of candidates and their affidavits by political parties from 180 days to 90 days.
The amended provision states that “every political party shall, not later than 90 days before the date appointed for a general election under this Act, submit to the Commission, in the prescribed forms, the list of the candidates the party proposes to sponsor at the elections, who shall have emerged from valid primaries conducted by the political party.”
The Senate also retained the provision on the format of ballot papers contained in Clause 44.
Under the clause, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is required, not later than 20 days before an election, to invite in writing any political party that nominated a candidate to inspect its identity on samples of relevant electoral materials.
Political parties are allowed to respond in writing within two days, indicating approval or disapproval of how their identity appears on the samples.
Under Clause 47, the Senate replaced smart card readers with the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) for accreditation and voting.
However, after extensive debate, lawmakers rejected electronically generated voter identification and adopted the Permanent Voter Card as the mode of identification at polling units.
Meanwhile, the Senate struck out Clause 142 on the effect of non-compliance, which provided that “it shall not be necessary for a party who alleges non-compliance with the provisions of this Bill for the conduct of elections to call oral evidence if originals or certified true copies of relevant documents manifestly disclose the non-compliance alleged.”
The provision was removed following arguments that it would amount to a waste of time in court.
